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Humanizing Modern Medicine

Part of the Philosophy and Medicine Book Series (volume 99)

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-6797-6

ISBN: 978-1-4020-6796-9

Publisher: Springer Netherlands - Springer Journals

Jan 1, 2008

1 - 10 of 15 Chapters

Available

Medical Worldviews

Pages: 17 –31

[A worldview or eine Weltanschauung, originally coined by Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) in the Critique of the Power of Judgment (2000), is a notion composed of beliefs that allow us to make sense of the world and to act in it.1 Although Kant used the term to account for the sense perception of the...
Available

Medical Causation and Realism

Pages: 33 –48

[Causation and realism are two important notions that are essential for understanding any worldview, especially medical worldviews. The notion of causation refers to the act of bringing about or producing an effect (Horner and Westacott, 2000). In other words, causes are responsible for the...
Available

Patient as Body or Person

Pages: 49 –61

[One of the most important components of any medical worldview is the nature of the patient. The patient is and should be the center and focus of a medical worldview, for without the patient there literally is no need for medicine. Consequently, a medical worldview is important for perceiving the...
Available

Disease or Illness and Health or Wellbeing

Pages: 63 –77

[The precise nature and role in medical practice of disease, health, illness, wellbeing, and associated notions such as sickness and wholeness, are fervently debated in the current medical literature (Boyd, 2000). For example, Germund Hesslow (1993) claims that the distinction between health and...
Available

Diagnosis and Therapeutics

Pages: 79 –93

[In this chapter, I examine from a metaphysical perspective entities that compose the medical worldviews involved with diagnosis and therapeutics, i.e. the diagnostic and therapeutic “stuff” that makes up the biomedical and humanistic or humane models. For example, knowing the cause of a disease...
Available

Medical Thinking

Pages: 97 –119

[How doctors think is an important issue for many healthcare professionals, especially in terms of cognitive mistakes and errors, and is a title of two recent books (Montgomery, 2006; Groopman, 2007). Biomedical practitioners generally subscribe to an objective way of thinking or reasoning that...
Available

Clinical Judging and Decision Making

Pages: 121 –135

[For the biomedical practitioner, clinical judgments and decisions are objective and modeled after the judging and decision making processes of the natural sciences. “The assumption that clinical reasoning is applied scientific reasoning,” claims Mattingly, “underlies nearly all research on...
Available

Medical Explanations

Pages: 137 –152

[There are several types of explanations (Ladyman, 2002). A historical explanation provides the antecedent events responsible for a past event. For example, one nation may cite previous grievances for invading another country. A psychological explanation accounts for organismic behavior. For...
Available

Diagnostic Knowledge

Pages: 153 –169

[“There are two modes of cognitive functioning, two modes of thought,” according to Jerome Bruner, “each providing distinctive ways of ordering experience, of constructing reality” (1986, p. 11). The two modes of cognitive functioning are paradigmatic or objective and narrative or subjective.1...
Available

Therapeutic Knowledge

Pages: 171 –185

[How is therapeutic knowledge generated and justified in medicine? Modern medical knowledge in terms of both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures is certainly more dependent on technical innovation than fifty years ago, as detailed in Chapter 5. But that dependency is more than simply a need for...

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