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Viewpoint Relativism

Part of the Synthese Library Book Series (volume 419)

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34595-2

ISBN: 978-3-030-34594-5

Publisher: Springer International Publishing - Springer Journals

Jan 29, 2020

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The Historical Background of Relativism

Hautamäki, Antti

Pages: 1 –12

[Epistemological relativism has been defended and criticised since ancient philosophy (Baghramian M, Relativism. Routledge, London, 2004). At the beginning of this chapter, I create a short introduction to the history and development of epistemological relativism from Protagoras to today’s...
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Conditions of a Philosophical Discussion

Hautamäki, Antti

Pages: 13 –36

[As its method, philosophy uses argumentative discussion. Philosophy does not often appeal directly to observations or experiences, although they have a place in argumentation as well. Because philosophy is discursive, it delves in the realms of language and the use of language. Defining concepts...
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Points of View and Relativism

Hautamäki, Antti

Pages: 37 –73

[This chapter defines the central concept of this book, the point of view. The development of viewpoint relativism is largely based on this concept. A point of view is defined as choosing a certain aspect of its object to represent it. In principle, points of view are subjective and they are...
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The Relativity of Truth

Hautamäki, Antti

Pages: 75 –103

[In this chapter, I discuss the relativity of truth and define the concept of viewpoint-relative truth. The relativity of truth is perhaps the strongest form of epistemological relativity that can used to deduce the relativity of knowledge and reality. One of the fundamental problems of...
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The Relativity of Knowledge

Hautamäki, Antti

Pages: 105 –128

[The three central themes of epistemological relativism are the relativity of truth, knowledge and reality. In the previous chapter, I demonstrated how the relativity of truth could be given a well-founded formulation by setting truth claims in relation to context and points of view—without...
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The Relativity of Reality

Hautamäki, Antti

Pages: 129 –147

[According to conceptual relativism, reality crucially depends on the mind and the language of a person. The world does not present itself as already made or arranged. People have different ways of categorising and conceptualising the world. Because according to conceptual relativism, what exists...
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Relativism and Realism in the Philosophy of Science

Hautamäki, Antti

Pages: 149 –166

[The philosophy of science is an important field of philosophy, where relativism and realism meet. The philosophy of science studies the nature of scientific knowledge, general justifications and scientific activity. Many of the things I have discussed in the previous chapters are also relevant...
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Critical Relativism and Disagreement

Hautamäki, Antti

Pages: 167 –187

[The main message of this book is that moderate viewpoint relativism is a sound epistemological stance and basis for learning and creating new knowledge. The world is complicated and open to new interpretations and approaches. Everything has many different facets and aspects that different points...

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