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Compartment Syndrome

Part of the Hot Topics in Acute Care Surgery and Trauma Book Series

Editors: Coccolini, Federico; Malbrain, Manu L.N.G.; Kirkpatrick, Andrew W; Gamberini, Emiliano

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-55378-4

ISBN: 978-3-030-55377-7

Publisher: Springer International Publishing - Springer Journals

Nov 1, 2020

1 - 10 of 19 Chapters

Available

History of Compartment Syndrome

Leppäniemi, Ari

Pages: 1 –5

[A compartment syndrome is defined as an increased pressure in a closed anatomic space that threatens the viability of the enclosed and surrounding tissue. This can occur in a body cavity, such as in the head, chest, or abdomen, and also in other body regions or organs surrounded by anatomical...
Available

Definition and Pathomechanism of the Intracranial Compartment Syndrome

Tonetti, Tommaso; Biondini, Susanna; Minardi, Francesco; Rossi, Sandra; Picetti, Edoardo

Pages: 7 –16

[The intracranial compartment syndrome, which is the clinical consequence of intracranial hypertension, is a condition characterized by high morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of the syndrome is very complex and is based on the Monro-Kellie doctrine. In a rigid, non-compliant structure (as...
Available

Diagnosis and Treatment of the Intracranial Compartment Syndrome

Brogi, Etrusca; Coccolini, Federico; Russo, Emanuele; Forfori, Francesco

Pages: 17 –33

[The intracranial compartment syndrome is a condition characterized by a set of clinical symptoms and signs due to a rise in intracranial pressure (ICP). Intracranial hypertension is a life-treating condition that requires quick diagnosis and treatment; otherwise, it may progress in herniation...
Available

Definition, Pathomechanism of the Thoracic Compartment Syndrome

Shurtleff, Eric M.; Galante, Joseph M.

Pages: 35 –39

[Compartment syndrome can occur in any anatomical compartment when intra-compartmental pressure exceeds the perfusion pressure of the tissue or organ within that compartment. The pathophysiology of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is increased peak airway pressures, hypotension due to...
Available

Thoracic Compartment Syndrome and Damage Control Surgery in Thoracic Trauma

Dharampal, Navjit; Schieman, Colin

Pages: 41 –50

[Thoracic Compartment Syndrome (TCS) is defined as an increased intrathoracic pressure beyond tissue capillary perfusion pressure to the intrathoracic structures such as the lungs, heart, and esophagus with resultant ischemia. The syndrome may be manifest by increased peak, plateau, and mean...
Available

Definition, Pathophysiology, and Pathobiology of Intra-Abdominal Hypertension and the Abdominal Compartment Syndrome

Kirkpatrick, Andrew W.; Coccolini, Federico; McDonald, Braedon; Roberts, Derek J.

Pages: 51 –61

[Knowing and understanding the effects of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) on anatomy and physiology are crucial to manage critical illness and injury. Raised IAP, known as intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH), appears common in critical illness/injury. The pathophysiological consequences of IAH are...
Available

Diagnosis and Treatment of the Abdominal Compartment Syndrome

Scognamiglio, Giovanni; Gamberini, Emiliano; Agnoletti, Vanni; Coccolini, Federico

Pages: 63 –79

[Intra-abdominal Hypertension (IAH) and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome (ACS) are well-known pathological entities in both surgical and nonsurgical critical care environments. ACS is the end stage of IAH, and it is recognized as a catastrophic disturbance of a patient’s physiology that requires...
Available

Compartment Syndrome of the Extremities: Pitfalls in Diagnosis and Management

Branca Vergano, Luigi; Stahel, Philip F.

Pages: 81 –99

[Acute compartment syndrome of the extremities can occur in every muscular region of upper or lower limbs; it can be either traumatic or nontraumatic. The raise in intracompartmental pressure, secondary to congestion of microcirculation with extravasation of fluid in the interstitial space,...
Available

Polycompartment Syndrome

Minini, Andrea; Emara, Moataz M.; Malbrain, Manu L. N. G.

Pages: 101 –121

[A compartment syndrome is defined as an increase in the compartmental pressure to such an extent that the viability of the tissues and organs within the compartment is threatened. This chapter aims to give an overview of the current knowledge on different compartment syndromes and how they may...
Available

Timing of Surgical Intervention for Compartment Syndrome

Improta, Mario; Tomasoni, Matteo; Fugazzola, Paola; Lippi, Andrea; Coccolini, Federico; Ansaloni, Luca

Pages: 123 –131

[When in a closed district of the body the pressure rapidly rises, some physiological changes that occur can be fatal. Three main factors define the ability to tolerate a rise in pressure of a body compartment: (1) expandability of the given district (e.g., the abdomen better tolerate pressure’s...

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