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The Demographic Masculinization of China

Part of the INED Population Studies Book Series (volume 1)

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-00236-1

ISBN: 978-3-319-00235-4

Publisher: Springer International Publishing - Springer Journals

Apr 15, 2013

1 - 10 of 12 Chapters

Available

Overview

Attané, Isabelle

Pages: 3 –12

[China is now among the countries in the world with the highest proportion of men in its population. While this situation is not new, the sex ratio has become even more imbalanced over the past three decades. This atypical trend, a demographic consequence of multiple cultural, social and...
Available

Why Are There More Boys Than Girls?

Attané, Isabelle

Pages: 13 –33

[As explained in the previous chapter, in the absence of differential migration, the proportions of the two sexes in a given population are determined by the ratio of boys to girls at birth and by male and female mortality at each age in life. In China, the masculinization of the population since...
Available

A Geography of Discrimination

Attané, Isabelle

Pages: 35 –50

[It is highly relevant in the case of China to distinguish between urban and rural areas in the analysis of pre- and post-natal discrimination against girls, because of the profound socioeconomic disparities that exist between the two places of residence. Since the almost simultaneous...
Available

Discrimination Against Girls in Early Childhood

Attané, Isabelle

Pages: 51 –57

[The male surplus in China is highest in the young population, and this has been the case for at least the past half-century. The 1953 census revealed a deficit of girls among children aged under 15, with a sex ratio of 111.4 boys for every 100 girls. Not long after that date, however, there was...
Available

Life-Long Inequality

Attané, Isabelle

Pages: 59 –74

[The masculinization of China’s population is largely a “bottom-up” process in the sense that first it affects births (through increasing use of prenatal sex selection) and then children (as a consequence of excess female infant and child mortality) and then continues into adulthood as cohorts...
Available

A Phenomenon Not Unique to China

Attané, Isabelle

Pages: 75 –88

[The global female deficit was estimated to total 100 million in the 1990s, and by far the largest share of this deficit was in Asia (Sen 1990; Klasen and Wink 2002), currently the only continent with a majority of men (Table 6.1). China is not the only country responsible for this Asian...
Available

The Status of Women in Traditional Chinese Society

Attané, Isabelle

Pages: 91 –98

[Chinese society remains fundamentally rooted in highly gendered social and family roles. From a demographic point of view, discrimination against girls and women is therefore part of a system of norms and values, both family and social, that traditionally favours males. While this discrimination...
Available

Women, Feminism and Femininity

Attané, Isabelle

Pages: 99 –117

[Women’s emancipation became a political concern in the mid-nineteenth century. Early Chinese-style feminism began to emerge under the Taiping and their leader Hong Xiuquan who founded a kingdom in southern China called Taiping Tian Guo (literally “heavenly kingdom of great peace”). This...
Available

Persistent Social and Economic Disparities

Attané, Isabelle

Pages: 119 –133

[From a demographic point of view, discrimination against girls and women is part of a family and social system that confers high value on men and keeps girls and women in an inferior position. The Chinese government’s actions to improve women’s status over the past 50 years have led to clear...
Available

Discriminatory Practices and Factors in Masculinization

Attané, Isabelle

Pages: 135 –160

[Most research published in the 1990s concurred that under-reporting of births was the main reason for the shortage of girls (Coale and Banister 1994; Hull 1990; Johansson and Nygren 1991; Zeng et al. 1993). We were able to demonstrate that under-reporting was widespread in the statistics of the...

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