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Fundamental Issues of Artificial Intelligence

Part of the Synthese Library Book Series (volume 376)

Editors: Müller, Vincent C.

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-26485-1

ISBN: 978-3-319-26483-7

Publisher: Springer International Publishing - Springer Journals

Jun 8, 2016

1 - 10 of 33 Chapters

Available

New Developments in the Philosophy of AI

Müller, Vincent C.

Pages: 1 –4

[The philosophy of AI has seen some changes, in particular: (1) AI moves away from cognitive science, and (2) the long term risks of AI now appear to be a worthy concern. In this context, the classical central concerns – such as the relation of cognition and computation, embodiment, intelligence...
Available

Rationality and Intelligence: A Brief Update

Russell, Stuart

Pages: 7 –28

[The long-term goal of AI is the creation and understanding of intelligence. This requires a notion of intelligence that is precise enough to allow the cumulative development of robust systems and general results. The concept of rational agency has long been considered a leading candidate to...
Available

Computation and Multiple Realizability

Miłkowski, Marcin

Pages: 29 –41

[Multiple realizability (MR) is traditionally conceived of as the feature of computational systems, and has been used to argue for irreducibility of higher-level theories. I will show that there are several ways a computational system may be seen to display MR. These ways correspond to (at least)...
Available

When Thinking Never Comes to a Halt: Using Formal Methods in Making Sure Your AI Gets the Job Done Good Enough

Besold, Tarek R.; Robere, Robert

Pages: 43 –62

[The recognition that human minds/brains are finite systems with limited resources for computation has led researchers in cognitive science to advance the Tractable Cognition thesis: Human cognitive capacities are constrained by computational tractability. As also human-level AI in its attempt to...
Available

Machine Intelligence and the Ethical Grammar of Computability

Leslie, David

Pages: 63 –78

[Since the publication of Alan Turing’s famous papers on “machine intelligence” over six decades ago, questions about whether complex mechanical systems can partake in intelligent cognitive processes have largely been answered under the analytical rubric of their capacity successfully to simulate...
Available

Is There a Role for Computation in the Enactive Paradigm?

Brito, Carlos F.; Marques, Victor X.

Pages: 79 –94

[The main contribution of this paper is a naturalized account of the phenomenon of computation. The key idea for the development of this account is the identification of the notion of syntactical processing (or information processing) with the dynamical evolution of a constrained physical...
Available

Natural Recursion Doesn’t Work That Way: Automata in Planning and Syntax

Bozşahin, Cem

Pages: 95 –112

[Natural recursion in syntax is recursion by linguistic value, which is not syntactic in nature but semantic. Syntax-specific recursion is not recursion by name as the term is understood in theoretical computer science. Recursion by name is probably not natural because of its infinite...
Available

AI, Quantum Information, and External Semantic Realism: Searle’s Observer-Relativity and Chinese Room, Revisited

Maruyama, Yoshihiro

Pages: 115 –127

[In philosophy of mind, Searle contrived two arguments on the impossibility of AI: the Chinese room argument and the one based upon the observer-relativity of computation. The aim of the present article is two-fold: on the one hand, I aim at elucidating implications of the observer-relativity...
Available

Semantic Information and Artificial Intelligence

de Araújo, Anderson Beraldo

Pages: 129 –140

[For a computational system to be intelligent, it should be able to perform, at least, basic deductions. Nonetheless, since deductions are, in some sense, equivalent to tautologies, it seems that they do not provide new information. In order to analyze this problem, the present article proposes a...
Available

Information, Computation, Cognition. Agency-Based Hierarchies of Levels

Dodig-Crnkovic, Gordana

Pages: 141 –159

[This paper connects information with computation and cognition via concept of agents that appear at variety of levels of organization of physical/chemical/cognitive systems – from elementary particles to atoms, molecules, life-like chemical systems, to cognitive systems starting with living...

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