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The Arrows of Time

Part of the Fundamental Theories of Physics Book Series (volume 172)

Editors: Mersini-Houghton, Laura; Vaas, Rudy

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-23259-6

ISBN: 978-3-642-23258-9

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg - Springer Journals

Oct 12, 2011

1 - 10 of 11 Chapters

Available

Introduction

Mersini-Houghton, Laura; Vaas, Rüdiger

Pages: 1 –3

[Time is of central importance to science and philosophy. And yet, the simplest questions is time real, or is it an essential part of the structure of human intellect? remain largely controversial. Theories of nature can be broadly categorized into two sets of information: physical laws which...
Available

Time After Time — Big Bang Cosmology and the Arrows of Time

Vaas, Rüdiger

Pages: 5 –42

[Time, as familiar as it seems to us in everyday life, is one of the greatest puzzles of science and philosophy. In physics and cosmology it is especially mysterious why time appears to be directed, that is, why there seems to be an essential difference between the past and the future. The most...
Available

Fundamental Loss of Quantum Coherence from Quantum Gravity

Gambini, Rodolfo; Porto, Rafael A.; Pullin, Jorge

Pages: 43 –52

[We discuss the fundamental loss of unitarity that appears in quantum mechanics when one uses physically realistic devices to measure time and space. The effect is independent of any interaction with the environment and appears in addition to any usual environmental decoherence. We discuss the...
Available

The Clock Ambiguity: Implications and New Developments

Albrecht, Andreas; Iglesias, Alberto

Pages: 53 –68

[We consider the ambiguity associated with the choice of clock in time reparameterization invariant theories. This arbitrariness undermines the goal of prescribing a fixed set of physical laws, since a change of time variable can completely alter the predictions of the theory. We review the main...
Available

Holographic Cosmology and the Arrow of Time

Banks, Tom

Pages: 69 –108

[I review the holographic theory of quantum space-time and cosmology, and argue that it may yield insight into the Boltzmann-Penrose question of why the universe began with low entropy. In this model, the observed low entropy initial conditions, maybe the most general initial conditions for...
Available

The Emergent Nature of Time and the Complex Numbers in Quantum Cosmology

Gibbons, Gary W.

Pages: 109 –148

[The nature of time in quantum mechanics is closely related to the use of a complex, rather than say real, Hilbert space. This becomes particularly clear when considering quantum field theory in time dependent backgrounds, such as in cosmology, when the notion of positive frequency ceases to be...
Available

The Phantom Bounce: A New Proposal for an Oscillating Cosmology

Freese, Katherine; Brown, Matthew G.; Kinney, William H.

Pages: 149 –156

[An oscillating universe cycles through a series of expansions and contractions. We propose a model in which phantom energy with a supernegative pressure (p) grows rapidly and dominates the late-time expanding phase. The universes energy density is then so large that the effects of quantum...
Available

Notes on Time’s Enigma

Mersini-Houghton, Laura

Pages: 157 –168

[Scientists continue to wrestle with the enigma of time. Is time a dynamic or a fundamental property of spacetime? Why does it have an arrow pointing from past to future? Why are physical laws time-symmetric in a universe with broken time-reversal symmetry? These questions remain a mystery. The...
Available

A Momentous Arrow of Time

Bojowald, Martin

Pages: 169 –189

[Quantum cosmology offers a unique stage to address questions of time related to its underlying (and perhaps truly quantum dynamical) meaning as well as its origin. Some of these issues can be analyzed with a general scheme of quantum cosmology, others are best seen in loop quantum cosmology. The...
Available

Can the Arrow of Time Be Understood from Quantum Cosmology?

Kiefer, Claus

Pages: 191 –203

[I address the question whether the origin of the observed arrow of time can be derived from quantum cosmology. After a general discussion of entropy in cosmology and some numerical estimates, I give a brief introduction into quantum geometrodynamics and argue that this may provide a sufficient...

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