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EDITORIAL ONEXPERIMENTAL (ie, observational) epi- 35 615 subjects were selected from a population of 51 529 demiological methods are frequently em- using several exclusion criteria: subjects whose re- ployed to investigate the relationship be- ported dietary intake was far above or below the mean tween an exposure and a disease. The 3 (presumably to exclude inaccurate data), those who left N most common observational research de- 70 or more items blank on the dietary questionnaire, those signs are case-control studies in which the cases and con- who had ever had any sort of cancer other than non– trols are chosen based on disease status, cohort studies in melanomatous skin cancer (the reason for which is not which the comparison groups are chosen based on expo- stated), a history of colon or rectal polyp, a history of ul- sure status, and cross-sectional studies in which disease cerative colitis, and a history of diverticular disease di- and exposure status are determined after sample selec- agnosed prior to 1988 (an attempt to include incident tion. As compared with randomized trials in which sub- cases only and to improve diagnostic accuracy). Subse- jects are assigned to the comparison groups before expo- quent analyses
Archives of Family Medicine – American Medical Association
Published: Jun 1, 1998
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