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A study of environmental stimulation: An orphanage preschool project.General information.

A study of environmental stimulation: An orphanage preschool project.: General information. The study presented in this book examines the effects of preschool education on the development of children living in an orphanage. This chapter compares the level of general information of children who attended preschool and those who did not. Two sections of a General Information test under standardization by Updegraff at the Iowa Child Welfare Research Station were given to as many of the control and preschool children as were able to cooperate in the tests at the time they were given. The first section, entitled Home Living and containing items classifiable as food, clothing, shelter, and neighborhood, was given in the summer of 1936 to nineteen preschool children and eighteen of the control group. The second section, General Science, including simple items remotely classifiable as physics, biology, astronomy, and geology, was given in April 1937 to nine preschool children and nineteen control children. The orphanage children as a group, both preschool and control children, scored far below a large number of superior Iowa City preschool children in two parts of a test of General Information. They also possessed less information, according to this test, than groups of Des Moines children of relief families in attendance at WPA nursery schools. Although the number of cases for internal comparison was small, all indications were that the preschool children had more information than the control group. This is true when comparisons are made of children grouped according to chronological age and grouped according to mental age. An argument might be raised to the effect that these children possessed information of another type, not tested in these tests. Such may have been the case although such information was not likely to be very extensive. The matter of significance here, however, is the fact that these children showed up as deficient in information commonly known to children of two representative environments. In this instance we are interested not necessarily in the children's ability to acquire information but in the amount of information they actually had as compared to that of other children. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png

A study of environmental stimulation: An orphanage preschool project.General information.

Skeels, Harold M.; Updegraff, Ruth; Wellman, Beth L.; Williams, Harold M.
American Psychological Association — Dec 12, 2011
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Publisher
University of Iowa
Copyright
Copyright © 1938 American Psychological Association
Pages
122 –128
DOI
10.1037/13507-006
Publisher site
See Chapter on Publisher Site

Abstract

The study presented in this book examines the effects of preschool education on the development of children living in an orphanage. This chapter compares the level of general information of children who attended preschool and those who did not. Two sections of a General Information test under standardization by Updegraff at the Iowa Child Welfare Research Station were given to as many of the control and preschool children as were able to cooperate in the tests at the time they were given. The first section, entitled Home Living and containing items classifiable as food, clothing, shelter, and neighborhood, was given in the summer of 1936 to nineteen preschool children and eighteen of the control group. The second section, General Science, including simple items remotely classifiable as physics, biology, astronomy, and geology, was given in April 1937 to nine preschool children and nineteen control children. The orphanage children as a group, both preschool and control children, scored far below a large number of superior Iowa City preschool children in two parts of a test of General Information. They also possessed less information, according to this test, than groups of Des Moines children of relief families in attendance at WPA nursery schools. Although the number of cases for internal comparison was small, all indications were that the preschool children had more information than the control group. This is true when comparisons are made of children grouped according to chronological age and grouped according to mental age. An argument might be raised to the effect that these children possessed information of another type, not tested in these tests. Such may have been the case although such information was not likely to be very extensive. The matter of significance here, however, is the fact that these children showed up as deficient in information commonly known to children of two representative environments. In this instance we are interested not necessarily in the children's ability to acquire information but in the amount of information they actually had as compared to that of other children. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Published: Dec 12, 2011

Keywords: preschool education; orphanages; children; general information level; development; environment

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