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Enzymes as Primary Targets of Drugs

Enzymes as Primary Targets of Drugs ALBERT ZELLER2 AND JAMES R. FOUTS Department of Biochemistry, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago 11, Illinois, ani Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine. University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa The concept of enzymes serving as primary targets for drugs evolved from the classical investigations on physostigmine and cholinesterase. Car­ bonic anhydrase and certain sulfonamides provide another example; the latter helped in gaining a better understanding of the function of carbonic anhydrase in various organs [Davenport (1)]. Approximately 10 years ago, when the antitubercular substance ipro­ niazid (1-isonicotinyl-2-isopropylhydrazine; Marsilid) was found to block monoamine oxidase efficiently in vitro [Zeller, et at. (2)] and in vivo [Zeller & Barsky (3)], another group of enzyme-regulating drugs emerged. It was expected that "iproniazid may well become of the same importance for the study of the adrenergic system as has eserine in the analysis of the cho­ linergic system" (3). At the present time, intensive work is carried out on pharmaca which appear to act predominantly on amino acid decarboxyl­ ases. In this review only two groups of target enzymes are discussed, cho­ linesterases and monoamine oxidases, which so far have been the most thoroughly studied. Even with this severe limitation relatively few http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology Annual Reviews

Enzymes as Primary Targets of Drugs

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Publisher
Annual Reviews
Copyright
Copyright 1963 Annual Reviews. All rights reserved
Subject
Review Articles
ISSN
0362-1642
eISSN
1545-4304
DOI
10.1146/annurev.pa.03.040163.000301
Publisher site
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Abstract

ALBERT ZELLER2 AND JAMES R. FOUTS Department of Biochemistry, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago 11, Illinois, ani Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine. University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa The concept of enzymes serving as primary targets for drugs evolved from the classical investigations on physostigmine and cholinesterase. Car­ bonic anhydrase and certain sulfonamides provide another example; the latter helped in gaining a better understanding of the function of carbonic anhydrase in various organs [Davenport (1)]. Approximately 10 years ago, when the antitubercular substance ipro­ niazid (1-isonicotinyl-2-isopropylhydrazine; Marsilid) was found to block monoamine oxidase efficiently in vitro [Zeller, et at. (2)] and in vivo [Zeller & Barsky (3)], another group of enzyme-regulating drugs emerged. It was expected that "iproniazid may well become of the same importance for the study of the adrenergic system as has eserine in the analysis of the cho­ linergic system" (3). At the present time, intensive work is carried out on pharmaca which appear to act predominantly on amino acid decarboxyl­ ases. In this review only two groups of target enzymes are discussed, cho­ linesterases and monoamine oxidases, which so far have been the most thoroughly studied. Even with this severe limitation relatively few

Journal

Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology – Annual Reviews

Published: Apr 1, 1963

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