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Observations on the Pharmacology of Glaucoma

Observations on the Pharmacology of Glaucoma Irving H. Leopold and Efraim Duzman Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, California CLASSIFICATION OF GLAUCOMA Glaucoma is a tenn frequently used to describe a group of diseases character­ ized by progressive atrophy of the optic nerve head (evidenced by cupping of the optic disc) accompanied by a gradual loss of the field of vision. The intraocular pressure (lOP) is usually elevated and if left untreated can cause further optic nerve damage and irreversible visual loss. In its early stages, cupping of the disc can be recognized as an extension of the central physiologic cup toward the superior or inferior pole of the disc. Recent histopathologic studies show that up to 35% of the axones in the optic nerve can be lost prior to the detection of a visual field abnonnality (1). Since cupping can occur prior to loss of vision, the astute physician might be able to detect glaucoma in its very early stages by learning to recognize this diagnostic feature. When glaucoma is diagnosed, a procedure called gonioscopy of the anterior chamber angle helps to differentiate between the two principal groups of glaucoma, namely open-angle and closed-angle. The most common type is open-angle glaucoma. In http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology Annual Reviews

Observations on the Pharmacology of Glaucoma

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Publisher
Annual Reviews
Copyright
Copyright 1986 Annual Reviews. All rights reserved
Subject
Review Articles
ISSN
0362-1642
eISSN
1545-4304
DOI
10.1146/annurev.pa.26.040186.002153
pmid
2872854
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Irving H. Leopold and Efraim Duzman Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, California CLASSIFICATION OF GLAUCOMA Glaucoma is a tenn frequently used to describe a group of diseases character­ ized by progressive atrophy of the optic nerve head (evidenced by cupping of the optic disc) accompanied by a gradual loss of the field of vision. The intraocular pressure (lOP) is usually elevated and if left untreated can cause further optic nerve damage and irreversible visual loss. In its early stages, cupping of the disc can be recognized as an extension of the central physiologic cup toward the superior or inferior pole of the disc. Recent histopathologic studies show that up to 35% of the axones in the optic nerve can be lost prior to the detection of a visual field abnonnality (1). Since cupping can occur prior to loss of vision, the astute physician might be able to detect glaucoma in its very early stages by learning to recognize this diagnostic feature. When glaucoma is diagnosed, a procedure called gonioscopy of the anterior chamber angle helps to differentiate between the two principal groups of glaucoma, namely open-angle and closed-angle. The most common type is open-angle glaucoma. In

Journal

Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology – Annual Reviews

Published: Apr 1, 1986

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