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Superantigens of Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus

Superantigens of Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Superantigens (SAgs) are proteins of microbial origin that bind to major his­ tocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules and stimulate T cells via interaction with the V f3 domain of the T cell receptor (TCR). Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) is a milk-transmitted type B retrovirus that encodes a SAg in its 3' long terminal repeat. Upon MMTV infection, B cells present SAg to the appropriate T cell subset, which leads to a strong "cognate" T-B interaction. This immune reaction results in preferential clonal expansion of infected B cells and differentiation of some of these cells into long -lived memory cells. In this way a stable MMTV infection is achieved that ultimately results in infection of the mammary gland and virus transmission via milk. Thus, in contrast to many microorganisms that attempt to evade the host immune system (reviewed in 1), MMTV depends upon a strong SAg-induced immune response for its survival. Because of their ability to stimulate very strong T cell responses in MHe­ identical mice, minor lymphocyte stimulatory (MIs) antigens, discovered more than 20 years ago, are now known to be SAgs encoded by endogenous MMTV proviruses that have randomly integrated into germ cells. The aim http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Annual Review of Immunology Annual Reviews

Superantigens of Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus

Acha-Orbea, H; MacDonald, H R
Annual Review of Immunology , Volume 13 (1) – Apr 1, 1995
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References (49)

Publisher
Annual Reviews
Copyright
Copyright 1995 Annual Reviews. All rights reserved
Subject
Review Articles
ISSN
0732-0582
eISSN
1545-3278
DOI
10.1146/annurev.iy.13.040195.002331
pmid
7612231
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Superantigens (SAgs) are proteins of microbial origin that bind to major his­ tocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules and stimulate T cells via interaction with the V f3 domain of the T cell receptor (TCR). Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) is a milk-transmitted type B retrovirus that encodes a SAg in its 3' long terminal repeat. Upon MMTV infection, B cells present SAg to the appropriate T cell subset, which leads to a strong "cognate" T-B interaction. This immune reaction results in preferential clonal expansion of infected B cells and differentiation of some of these cells into long -lived memory cells. In this way a stable MMTV infection is achieved that ultimately results in infection of the mammary gland and virus transmission via milk. Thus, in contrast to many microorganisms that attempt to evade the host immune system (reviewed in 1), MMTV depends upon a strong SAg-induced immune response for its survival. Because of their ability to stimulate very strong T cell responses in MHe­ identical mice, minor lymphocyte stimulatory (MIs) antigens, discovered more than 20 years ago, are now known to be SAgs encoded by endogenous MMTV proviruses that have randomly integrated into germ cells. The aim

Journal

Annual Review of Immunology – Annual Reviews

Published: Apr 1, 1995

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