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/lp/annual-reviews/tgf-activation-and-function-in-immunity-SihroaFoSg
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Copyright
- Copyright © 2014 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved
- ISSN
- 0732-0582
- eISSN
- 1545-3278
- DOI
- 10.1146/annurev-immunol-032713-120257
- pmid
- 24313777
- Publisher site
- See Article on Publisher Site
Abstract
The cytokine TGF-β plays an integral role in regulating immune responses. TGF-β has pleiotropic effects on adaptive immunity, especially in the regulation of effector and regulatory CD4 + T cell responses. Many immune and nonimmune cells can produce TGF-β, but it is always produced as an inactive complex that must be activated to exert functional effects. Thus, activation of latent TGF-β provides a crucial layer of regulation that controls TGF-β function. In this review, we highlight some of the important functional roles for TGF-β in immunity, focusing on its context-specific roles in either dampening or promoting T cell responses. We also describe how activation of TGF-β controls its function in the immune system, with a focus on the key roles for members of the integrin family in this process.
Journal
Annual Review of Immunology – Annual Reviews
Published: Mar 21, 2014