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Population trends in Himalayan Griffon in Upper Mustang, Nepal, before and after the ban on diclofenac

Population trends in Himalayan Griffon in Upper Mustang, Nepal, before and after the ban on... Summary The Upper Mustang region of Nepal holds important breeding populations of Himalayan Griffon Gyps himalayensis. Despite this species being considered ‘Least Concern’ on the IUCN Red List, the population in Upper Mustang had declined substantially in the early to mid-2000s. During that period, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac was commonly used to treat illness and injury in domesticated ungulates throughout Nepal. The timing and magnitude of declines in Himalayan Griffon in Upper Mustang resemble the declines in resident populations of the ‘Critically Endangered’ White-rumped Vulture Gyps bengalensis and Slender-billed Vulture Gyps tenuirostris in Nepal, both of which are also known to be highly sensitive to diclofenac. Since 2006, the veterinary use of diclofenac has been banned in Nepal to prevent further vulture declines. In this paper, we analyse the population trend in Himalayan Griffon in Upper Mustang between 2002 and 2014 and show a partial recovery. We conclude that the decline is now occurring at a slower rate than previously observed and immigration from areas where diclofenac was either not or rarely used the probable explanation for the recovery observed. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Bird Conservation International Cambridge University Press

Population trends in Himalayan Griffon in Upper Mustang, Nepal, before and after the ban on diclofenac

Bird Conservation International , Volume 26 (3): 7 – Sep 21, 2015
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Publisher
Cambridge University Press
Copyright
Copyright © BirdLife International 2015 
ISSN
1474-0001
eISSN
0959-2709
DOI
10.1017/S0959270915000192
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Summary The Upper Mustang region of Nepal holds important breeding populations of Himalayan Griffon Gyps himalayensis. Despite this species being considered ‘Least Concern’ on the IUCN Red List, the population in Upper Mustang had declined substantially in the early to mid-2000s. During that period, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac was commonly used to treat illness and injury in domesticated ungulates throughout Nepal. The timing and magnitude of declines in Himalayan Griffon in Upper Mustang resemble the declines in resident populations of the ‘Critically Endangered’ White-rumped Vulture Gyps bengalensis and Slender-billed Vulture Gyps tenuirostris in Nepal, both of which are also known to be highly sensitive to diclofenac. Since 2006, the veterinary use of diclofenac has been banned in Nepal to prevent further vulture declines. In this paper, we analyse the population trend in Himalayan Griffon in Upper Mustang between 2002 and 2014 and show a partial recovery. We conclude that the decline is now occurring at a slower rate than previously observed and immigration from areas where diclofenac was either not or rarely used the probable explanation for the recovery observed.

Journal

Bird Conservation International – Cambridge University Press

Published: Sep 21, 2015

References

  • Rapid population declines of Himalayan Griffon Gyps himalayensis in Upper Mustang, Nepal
  • Rapid decline of the Bearded Vulture Gypaetus barbatus in Upper Mustang, Nepal
  • Population trends of Critically Endangered Gyps vultures in the lowlands of Nepal
  • Effectiveness of action in India to reduce exposure of Gyps vultures to the toxic veterinary drug diclofenac
  • Avian scavengers and the threat from veterinary pharmaceuticals
  • Diclofenac is toxic to the Himalayan Griffon Vulture Gyps himalayensis.
  • Scavenging by vertebrates: behavioral, ecological, and evolutionary perspectives on an important energy transfer pathway in terrestrial ecosystems
  • Analysis of population trends for farmland birds using generalized additive models
  • Have population declines in Egyptian vulture and red-headed vulture in India slowed since the 2006 ban on veterinary diclofenac?
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  • Collapse of Asian vulture populations: risk of mortality from residue of the veterinary drug diclofenac in carcasses of treated cattle
  • Rate of decline of the Oriental white-backed vulture population in India estimated from a survey of diclofenac residues in carcasses of ungulates
  • Population, breeding and threats to the White-rumped Vulture Gyps bengalensis in Bangladesh
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  • Humans and scavengers: the evolution of interactions and ecosystem services
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  • The population decline of Gyps vultures in India and Nepal has slowed since veterinary use of diclofenac was banned
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  • Analysis of nine NSAIDs in ungulate tissues available to Critically Endangered vultures in India
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