Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
H. Bernard (2000)
Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches
(2001)
Fundamentals of Corporate Finance (2nd ed.). Roseville, Australia: McGraw-Hill
L. Zsolnai (2003)
Decision Making in Multiple Value PerspectivesInternational Journal of Value-Based Management, 16
W. Schuetze (2004)
What is an asset
J. Eyster (1997)
Hotel Management Contracts in the U.S.Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 38
M. Saunders, P. Lewis, A. Thornhill (2006)
Research Methods for Business Students
R. Schmidgall, J. Damitio, P. Duffy, Arjun Singh (1998)
Capital vs. revenue expenditures: A survey of the lodging industry.The Bottomline, 13
Anne Lillis (1999)
A framework for the analysis of interview data from multiple field research sitesAccounting and Finance, 39
Gretchen Rossman, B. Wilson (1985)
Combining Quantitative and Qualitative Methods in a Single Large-Scale Evaluation Study
J. Eyster (1997)
Hotel management contracts in the U.S.: Twelve areas of concernCornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 38
(2003)
Capital expenditure in hotel chains: Implications for corporate structure
R. Sutton, A. Rafaeli (1988)
Untangling the Relationship between Displayed Emotions and Organizational Sales: The Case of Convenience StoresAcademy of Management Journal, 31
Michael Jensen, W. Meckling (1976)
Harvard Business School; SSRN; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER); European Corporate Governance Institute (ECGI); Harvard University - Accounting & Control UnitLSN: Law & Finance: Empirical (Topic)
A. Grayling (2003)
What Is Good
T. Mukherjee, G. Henderson (1987)
The Capital Budgeting Process: Theory and PracticeInterfaces, 17
C. Pinkowski (1995)
Hotel capital expenditure$ - how much is enough?The Bottomline, 10
J. Eyster (1993)
The revolution in domestic hotel management contractsCornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 34
M. Nelson, John Elliott, R. Tarpley (2003)
How Are Earnings Managed? Examples from AuditorsAccounting Horizons, 17
(2001)
Changes in accounting practices in the oil and gas industry during the 1990s
(2008)
Is it time to rebalance
Sven Modell (2010)
Bridging the paradigm divide in management accounting research: The role of mixed methods approachesManagement Accounting Research, 21
(1989)
Commentary on earnings management
M. Turner, C. Guilding (2010)
Hotel Management Contracts and Deficiencies in Owner-Operator Capital Expenditure Goal CongruencyJournal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 34
M. Lipson, Sandra Mortal, Michael Schill (2009)
On the Scope and Drivers of the Asset Growth EffectJournal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 46
Christos Akrivos, A. Ladkin, P. Reklitis (2007)
Hotel managers' career strategies for successInternational Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 19
P. Linhart, J. Lebowitz, F. Sinden (1974)
The choice between capitalizing and expensing under rate regulationThe Bell Journal of Economics, 5
(1998)
Bucking the hospitality trend
E. Noreen, R.M. Bowen
Tax incentives and the decision to capitalize or expense
David Guenther (1994)
Earnings management in response to corporate tax rate changes: Evidence from the 1986 Tax ReformAccounting review: A quarterly journal of the American Accounting Association, 69
R. Schmidgall, J. Damitio, Arjun Singh (1997)
What Is a Capital Expenditure?Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 38
W. Beaver, Ellen Engel (1996)
Discretionary behavior with respect to allowances for loan losses and the behavior of security pricesJournal of Accounting and Economics, 22
(1990)
The case for multiple methods in empirical research in management accounting (with an illustration from budget setting)
Michael Cooper, Huseyin Gulen, Michael Schill (2007)
Asset Growth and the Cross-Section of Stock ReturnsCapital Markets: Asset Pricing & Valuation eJournal
G. Hofstede (2001)
Culture′s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions and Organizations Across Nations
S. Landry, Antonello Callimaci (2003)
The effect of management incentives and cross-listing status on the accounting treatment of R&D spendingJournal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 12
R. Teare (2005)
Developing Hospitality Properties & FacilitiesInternational Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 17
(1999)
Simultaneity of accounting choice and exploration expenditures in the oil and gas industry
C. Chapman, A. Hopwood, Michael Shields (2007)
Handbook of management accounting research
G. Hofstede, G. Hofstede, M. Minkov (1991)
Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind
G.B. Rossman, B.L. Wilson
Numbers and words: combining quantitative and qualitative methods in a single large‐scale evaluation study
Y. Djamba, W. Neuman (2002)
Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative ApproachesTeaching Sociology, 30
W. Scott (1983)
Financial Accounting Theory
R. Bowen, Eric Noreen, John Lacey (1981)
Determinants of the corporate decision to capitalize interestJournal of Accounting and Economics, 3
M. Turner, C. Guilding (2010)
Accounting for the Furniture, Fittings & Equipment Reserve in HotelsWiley-Blackwell: Accounting & Finance
I. Zimmer (1986)
Accounting for interest by real estate developersJournal of Accounting and Economics, 8
P. Healy, James Wahlen (1998)
A Review of the Earnings Management Literature and its Implications for Standard SettingCorporate Governance & Accounting eJournal
Martha Loudder, Bruce Behn (1995)
Alternative Income Determination Rules and Earnings Usefulness: The Case of R&D Costs*Contemporary Accounting Research, 12
Theodore Sougiannis, K. Chan, Jason Karceski, Josef Lakonishok (2008)
Balance Sheet Growth and the Predictability of Stock Returns
Gretchen Rossman, B. Wilson (1984)
Numbers and Words: Combining Quantitative and Qualitative Methods in a Single Large-Scale Study.
Patricia Dechow, Douglas Skinner (2000)
Earnings Management: Reconciling the Views of Accounting Academics, Practitioners, and RegulatorsFinancial Accounting eJournal
Stephen Wilcox (1999)
Investor Psychology and Security Market Under- and OverreactionsCfa Digest, 29
(1983)
An analysis of the new asset-expensing option
J. Ransley, H. Ingram (2001)
What is “good” hotel design?Facilities, 19
D. Hirshleifer, Kewei Hou, S. Teoh, Yinglei Zhang (2004)
Do Investors Overvalue Firms with Bloated Balance Sheets?ERN: Experimental Economics (Topic)
H. Jonas (1984)
The Imperative of Responsibility
C. Guilding (2003)
How Hoteliers do their capital budgetingHospitality Review, 5
M. Abernethy, W. Chua, Peter Luckett, F. Selto (1999)
Research in managerial accounting: Learning from others' experiencesAccounting and Finance, 39
M. Easterby-Smith, R. Thorpe, A. Lowe (1991)
Management Research: An Introduction
Troy Hyatt, S. Weihrich (2005)
Capitalized customer acquisition costs and earnings quality: A case study of PhotoWorks, IncJournal of Accounting Education, 23
B. Jackling, B. Cooper, P. Leung, Steven Dellaportas (2007)
Professional accounting bodies' perceptions of ethical issues, causes of ethical failure and ethics educationManagerial Auditing Journal, 22
G.A. Denton, D. Yiankes
Planning and managing capital expenditures
Gretchen Rossman, B. Wilson (1994)
Numbers and words revisited: Being “shamelessly eclectic”Quality and Quantity, 28
Robert Schlup (2004)
Hotel management agreements: Balancing the interests of owners and operatorsJournal of Retail & Leisure Property, 3
C. Guilding (2003)
Hotel owner / operator structures: implications for capital budgeting processManagement Accounting Research, 14
W. Schuetze
What is an asset? Accounting Horizons
Malcolm Smith (2003)
Research Methods in Accounting
Jean-Sébastien Lantz, Jean-Michel Sahut (2005)
R&D Investment and the Financial Performance of Technological FirmsInnovation Finance & Accounting eJournal
S. Ross, R.W. Westerfield, B.D. Jordan
Fundamentals of Corporate Finance
(2002)
Hotel investments handbook, viewed 2 September 2011, http://www.hospitalitynet.org/news/4021216.search?query=chapter+20+hotel+manag ement+contracts+pdf
G. Hofstede, G. Hofstede, M. Minkov, McGraw-Hill New (2010)
Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind, 3rd ed.
R. Yin (1984)
Case Study Research: Design and Methods
Jörg Pappenheim (2009)
Das Prinzip Verantwortung
(1974)
Accounting objectives
S. Allison (2004)
Inward investment into the European hotel investment marketJournal of Retail & Leisure Property, 4
(2006)
Debt-service coverage ratio
N. Barberis, A. Shleifer, Robert Vishny (1997)
A Model of Investor SentimentBehavioral & Experimental Finance
P. Goddard, Guy Standish-Wilkinson (2002)
Hotel management contract trends in the Middle EastJournal of Retail & Leisure Property, 2
Paul Clikeman, M. Geiger, Brendan O'Connell (2001)
Student Perceptions of Earnings Management: The Effects of National Origin and GenderTeaching Business Ethics, 5
Elizabeth Roberts (1999)
In defence of the survey method: An illustration from a study of user information satisfactionAccounting and Finance, 39
F. Contractor, Sumit Kundu (1998)
Modal Choice in a World of Alliances: Analyzing Organizational Forms in the International Hotel SectorJournal of International Business Studies, 29
Hospitality Financial (2006)
Uniform system of accounts for the lodging industry
R.S. Schmidgall, J.W. Damitio, A.J. Singh
What is capital expenditure? How lodging‐industry financial executives decide
Hotel Brokers International
Hotel Financing Segments 2005 Survey
Irini Dimou, J. Chen, Simon Archer (2003)
The Choice Between Management Contracts and Franchise Agreements in the Corporate Development of International Hotel FirmsJournal of Marketing Channels, 10
C. Bailey (1996)
A guide to field research
Giuseppe Gulizia (1999)
Il paradosso dell'utopia : recensione a Hans Jonas, Il principio responsabilità. Un'etica per la civiltà tecnologica, Einaudi, Torino 1998 (1990). Ed. orig.: Das Prinzip Verantwortung Insel Verlag, Frankfurt am Main, 1979
D. Dhaliwal, William Heninger, K. Hughes (1999)
The Investment Opportunity Set and Capitalization versus Expensing Methods of Accounting ChoiceAccounting and Finance, 39
Stuart Michelson, James Jordan-Wagner, C. Wootton (2000)
The relationship between the smoothing of reported income and risk-adjusted returnsJournal of Economics and Finance, 24
M. McNichols, G. Wilson (1988)
Evidence of Earnings Management from the Provision for Bad DebtsJournal of Accounting Research, 26
Kamran Ahmed, H. Falk (2006)
The value relevance of management’s research and development reporting choice: Evidence from AustraliaJournal of Accounting and Public Policy, 25
T. Ahrens, Jeremy Dent (1998)
Accounting and Organizations: Realizing the Richness of Field ResearchJournal of Management Accounting Research
P. Collier, A. Gregory (1995)
Investment appraisal in service industries: a field study analysis of the U.K. hotels sectorManagement Accounting Research, 6
X. Tucker, Paul Zarowin (2005)
Does Income Smoothing Improve Earnings Informativeness?Corporate Finance: Valuation
P.M. Healy
The effect of bonus schemes on accounting decisions
S. Rushmore
Hotel Investments Handbook
M. Miles, A. Huberman (1994)
Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook
(2007)
CapEx 2007: A study of capital expenditures in the hotel industry (pp
M. Miles, A. Huberman (1994)
An expanded sourcebook qualitative data analysis
M. Jensen, W. Meckling
Theory of the firm: managerial behaviour, agency costs and ownership structure
Christos Tzovas (2006)
Factors influencing a firm's accounting policy decisions when tax accounting and financial accounting coincideManagerial Auditing Journal, 21
C. Medlin (2007)
Case Study Research
Harry Wolk, J. Dodd, J. Rozycki (2003)
Accounting Theory: Conceptual Issues in a Political and Economic Environment
(2002)
Discretionary accounting accruals: A methodological issue in earnings management research
M. Nelson, John Elliott, R. Tarpley (2001)
Evidence from Auditors About Managers' and Auditors' Earnings-Management DecisionsJournal of Accounting Abstracts
(1996)
Survey research in management accounting: A critical assessment
B. Lee, Eric Press, B. Choi (2001)
CAPITAL ASSETS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT DISTORTIONSCompetitiveness Review: An International Business Journal Incorporating Journal of Global Competitiveness, 11
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the differential motivations of hotel owners and operators to engage in earnings management through the selective capitalisation or expensing of asset related expenditures. Design/methodology/approach – Research evidence has been collected via a mixed methods approach utilising 20 semi‐structured interviews with key hotel management contract stakeholders in Australia and a questionnaire survey administered to hotel general managers in Australia and New Zealand. Findings – A review of the literature has resulted in an original distillation of 18 distinct earnings management motivations for hotel owners and operators. Qualitative data collected suggest an additional four motivations and that the primary motivation for hotel owners and operators to engage in earnings management stems from the two parties' desire to affect the size of the incentive management fee that is paid to hotel operators. A suggestion that operators have a greater tendency to seek to capitalise asset related expenditures, relative to owners, has been supported by both qualitative and quantitative data collected. Originality/value – This study appears to be the first to have examined the manner in which an idiosyncratic aspect of hotel governance can result in competing earnings management motivations between hotel owners and operators; the first to pursue a broad level of abstraction with respect to examining earnings management in the context of asset related expenditure capitalisation decision making; the first to assess the relative strength of earnings management motivations concerning the capitalisation or expensing of asset related expenditure; and the first to conduct earnings management research utilising a mixed methods research approach involving the conducting of face‐to‐face interviews as well as administration of a questionnaire survey.
Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management – Emerald Publishing
Published: Nov 22, 2011
Keywords: Australia; New Zealand; Hotel and catering industry; Managers; Earnings management; Generally accepted accounting principles; International financial reporting standards; Assets; Expenditure; Hotel management contract
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.