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Anaemia and associated factors among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Ethiopia

Anaemia and associated factors among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Ethiopia Background/AimsAnaemia is a common health problem that has devastating consequences for women of reproductive age. Studies have indicated that anaemia among women of reproductive age contributes to a higher risk of unfavourable pregnancy outcomes, such as low birth weight and mental impairment. The aetiology of anaemia in Ethiopia is not well established and there is a lack of evidence, particularly in the case of non-pregnant women. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of anaemia and associated factors among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Ethiopia.MethodsThe dataset from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey was used with the authorisation and permission of the Ethiopia Central Statistics Authority. A total of 13 436 non-pregnant women were included. Data were processed and analysed using STATA-14 format. Multilevel logistic regressions were used to determine anaemia's association with different predictors. Variables with P<0.25 in bivariate analysis were selected as candidate variables for the final model to control for confounding variables. The odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to declare statistical significance at P<0.05.ResultsThe prevalence of anaemia among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Ethiopia was 26.3%. Locally, the highest (59.2%) and lowest (15.8%) prevalences of anaemia were recorded in Somali and Addis Ababa respectively and a quarter (25.0%) of rural residents were anaemic. Multivariate analysis showed that anaemia was negatively associated with being a from high- or middle-income family (P=0.001), having a job (P=0.001), using hormonal methods of family planning (P=0.001) and having a normal body mass index (P=0.009). However, being married (P=0.001), having had at least one child (P<0.05) and living in a rural residence (P=0.022) were positively associated with anaemia.ConclusionsAnaemia is a common public health problem among women of reproductive age in Ethiopia. Economic status, place of residence, birth frequency and household size were significantly associated with anaemia among the participants. Therefore, to reduce anaemia prevalence among women of reproductive age in a sustainable manner in Ethiopia, different strategies and interventions methods such as iron-folic supplementation before pregnancy and nutrition education on iron-rich food and environmental hygiene should be strengthened. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png African Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health Mark Allen Group

Anaemia and associated factors among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Ethiopia

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Publisher
Mark Allen Group
Copyright
Copyright © 2022 MA Healthcare Limited
ISSN
1759-7374
eISSN
2052-4293
DOI
10.12968/ajmw.2020.0045
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Abstract

Background/AimsAnaemia is a common health problem that has devastating consequences for women of reproductive age. Studies have indicated that anaemia among women of reproductive age contributes to a higher risk of unfavourable pregnancy outcomes, such as low birth weight and mental impairment. The aetiology of anaemia in Ethiopia is not well established and there is a lack of evidence, particularly in the case of non-pregnant women. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of anaemia and associated factors among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Ethiopia.MethodsThe dataset from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey was used with the authorisation and permission of the Ethiopia Central Statistics Authority. A total of 13 436 non-pregnant women were included. Data were processed and analysed using STATA-14 format. Multilevel logistic regressions were used to determine anaemia's association with different predictors. Variables with P<0.25 in bivariate analysis were selected as candidate variables for the final model to control for confounding variables. The odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to declare statistical significance at P<0.05.ResultsThe prevalence of anaemia among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Ethiopia was 26.3%. Locally, the highest (59.2%) and lowest (15.8%) prevalences of anaemia were recorded in Somali and Addis Ababa respectively and a quarter (25.0%) of rural residents were anaemic. Multivariate analysis showed that anaemia was negatively associated with being a from high- or middle-income family (P=0.001), having a job (P=0.001), using hormonal methods of family planning (P=0.001) and having a normal body mass index (P=0.009). However, being married (P=0.001), having had at least one child (P<0.05) and living in a rural residence (P=0.022) were positively associated with anaemia.ConclusionsAnaemia is a common public health problem among women of reproductive age in Ethiopia. Economic status, place of residence, birth frequency and household size were significantly associated with anaemia among the participants. Therefore, to reduce anaemia prevalence among women of reproductive age in a sustainable manner in Ethiopia, different strategies and interventions methods such as iron-folic supplementation before pregnancy and nutrition education on iron-rich food and environmental hygiene should be strengthened.

Journal

African Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health – Mark Allen Group

Published: Jan 1, 1

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