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Characterization and applications of ion-exchange membranes and selective ion transport through them: a review

Characterization and applications of ion-exchange membranes and selective ion transport through... Ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) have found potential applications in diverse areas, such as environment related issues and addressing energy. Due to their increasing importance, several studies have been made on the preparation, characterization, modification, and applications of IEMs. This paper first discusses IEMs, their use as new separation materials, and the methods to characterize them. Subsequent sections review IEM-based ion separation techniques, such as diffusion dialysis, Donnan dialysis, and particularly electrodialysis (ED). Importantly, the section on ED reviews concentration polarization (CP), which is especially relevant to the recent trends of research. More specifically, a discussion on monovalent ion permselective membranes and the methods to create them has been made in the paper. Layer-by-layer (LBL) adsorption of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) gives rise to remarkable monovalent to multivalent cation and anion selectivities > 1000 and > 100, respectively. However, such high selectivities are accompanied by lower current efficiencies (∼ 50%) and lower recoveries of the ions. Additionally, the PEMs assembled through LBL deposition method may start delaminating under an applied potential after a certain period of time. The later part of the paper suggests creating selective PEMs with a net charge matching the native charge of IEMs to reduce CP in ED. Suggestions to increase current efficiencies, percentage recoveries of ions of interest, and the possible ways to increase the stability of PEMs deposited on IEMs have also been discussed in the paper.Graphical abstract[graphic not available: see fulltext] http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Applied Electrochemistry Springer Journals

Characterization and applications of ion-exchange membranes and selective ion transport through them: a review

Ahmad, Muhammad; Ahmed, Mahmood
Journal of Applied Electrochemistry , Volume OnlineFirst – Mar 20, 2023
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Springer Journals
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Copyright © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
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0021-891X
eISSN
1572-8838
DOI
10.1007/s10800-023-01882-3
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Abstract

Ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) have found potential applications in diverse areas, such as environment related issues and addressing energy. Due to their increasing importance, several studies have been made on the preparation, characterization, modification, and applications of IEMs. This paper first discusses IEMs, their use as new separation materials, and the methods to characterize them. Subsequent sections review IEM-based ion separation techniques, such as diffusion dialysis, Donnan dialysis, and particularly electrodialysis (ED). Importantly, the section on ED reviews concentration polarization (CP), which is especially relevant to the recent trends of research. More specifically, a discussion on monovalent ion permselective membranes and the methods to create them has been made in the paper. Layer-by-layer (LBL) adsorption of polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) gives rise to remarkable monovalent to multivalent cation and anion selectivities > 1000 and > 100, respectively. However, such high selectivities are accompanied by lower current efficiencies (∼ 50%) and lower recoveries of the ions. Additionally, the PEMs assembled through LBL deposition method may start delaminating under an applied potential after a certain period of time. The later part of the paper suggests creating selective PEMs with a net charge matching the native charge of IEMs to reduce CP in ED. Suggestions to increase current efficiencies, percentage recoveries of ions of interest, and the possible ways to increase the stability of PEMs deposited on IEMs have also been discussed in the paper.Graphical abstract[graphic not available: see fulltext]

Journal

Journal of Applied Electrochemistry – Springer Journals

Published: Mar 20, 2023

Keywords: Membranes; Electrodialysis; Selectivity; Concentration polarization; Limiting current

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