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DNA and RNA Isolation Techniques for Non-ExpertsGene Cloning and Vectors

DNA and RNA Isolation Techniques for Non-Experts: Gene Cloning and Vectors [“Gene (or DNA) cloning” is the process of generating identical copies of a cell or an organism. Clones thus produced possess identical genes. In this technique, restriction enzymes cut DNA carrying the target gene(s) into fragments. These segments are subsequently cloned onto a cloning vector, resulting in a recombinant DNA molecule that is then transmitted to the appropriate host cell. The basic principle is to amplify the target gene within the specific cell using its machinery, which can be used for further downstream applications, including sequencing, genotyping, and heterologous expression of a protein. Gene cloning is similar to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in this way, albeit there are some significant distinctions between the two procedures. It is feasible to preserve a duplicate of any specific segment of DNA and make a limitless amount of it through cloning. Cloning is a genetic engineering technique with broad applications in medicine. Researchers can produce many specific proteins of potential therapeutic values, use transformed DNA to correct some human genetic defects, and synthesize new vaccines. Cloning has wide applications in agriculture and farm for improving farm animals and crop plants for better production and introducing new functions into plants and animals. The limitation of this technique lies in the fact that mutation during cloning may result in defective protein production.] http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png

DNA and RNA Isolation Techniques for Non-ExpertsGene Cloning and Vectors

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References (1)

  • B Bajpai (2014)

    1

Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Copyright
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022
ISBN
978-3-030-94229-8
Pages
147 –156
DOI
10.1007/978-3-030-94230-4_19
Publisher site
See Chapter on Publisher Site

Abstract

[“Gene (or DNA) cloning” is the process of generating identical copies of a cell or an organism. Clones thus produced possess identical genes. In this technique, restriction enzymes cut DNA carrying the target gene(s) into fragments. These segments are subsequently cloned onto a cloning vector, resulting in a recombinant DNA molecule that is then transmitted to the appropriate host cell. The basic principle is to amplify the target gene within the specific cell using its machinery, which can be used for further downstream applications, including sequencing, genotyping, and heterologous expression of a protein. Gene cloning is similar to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in this way, albeit there are some significant distinctions between the two procedures. It is feasible to preserve a duplicate of any specific segment of DNA and make a limitless amount of it through cloning. Cloning is a genetic engineering technique with broad applications in medicine. Researchers can produce many specific proteins of potential therapeutic values, use transformed DNA to correct some human genetic defects, and synthesize new vaccines. Cloning has wide applications in agriculture and farm for improving farm animals and crop plants for better production and introducing new functions into plants and animals. The limitation of this technique lies in the fact that mutation during cloning may result in defective protein production.]

Published: Mar 30, 2022

Keywords: Applications; Cloning; Expression; Gene; Vector; Protein

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