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Driving CAR-Based T-Cell Therapy to Success

Driving CAR-Based T-Cell Therapy to Success T cells that have been genetically modified, activated, and propagated ex vivo can be infused to control tumor progression in patients who are refractory to conventional treatments. Early-phase clinical trials demonstrate that the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 can be therapeutically engaged through the enforced expression of a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) on clinical-grade T cells. Advances in vector design, the architecture of the CAR molecule especially as associated with T-cell co-stimulatory pathways, and understanding of the tumor microenvironment, play significant roles in the successful treatment of medically fragile patients. However, some recipients of CAR+ T cells demonstrate incomplete responses. Understanding the potential for treatment failure provides a pathway to improve the potency of adoptive transfer of CAR+ T cells. High throughput single-cell analyses to understand the complexity of the inoculum coupled with animal models may provide insight into the therapeutic potential of genetically modified T cells. This review focusses on recent advances regarding the human application of CD19-specific CAR+ T cells and explores how their success for hematologic cancers can provide a framework for investigational treatment of solid tumor malignancies. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports Springer Journals

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References (57)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 2014 by Springer Science+Business Media New York
Subject
Medicine & Public Health; Hematology; Oncology; Geriatrics/Gerontology
ISSN
1558-8211
eISSN
1558-822X
DOI
10.1007/s11899-013-0197-7
pmid
24488441
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

T cells that have been genetically modified, activated, and propagated ex vivo can be infused to control tumor progression in patients who are refractory to conventional treatments. Early-phase clinical trials demonstrate that the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CD19 can be therapeutically engaged through the enforced expression of a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) on clinical-grade T cells. Advances in vector design, the architecture of the CAR molecule especially as associated with T-cell co-stimulatory pathways, and understanding of the tumor microenvironment, play significant roles in the successful treatment of medically fragile patients. However, some recipients of CAR+ T cells demonstrate incomplete responses. Understanding the potential for treatment failure provides a pathway to improve the potency of adoptive transfer of CAR+ T cells. High throughput single-cell analyses to understand the complexity of the inoculum coupled with animal models may provide insight into the therapeutic potential of genetically modified T cells. This review focusses on recent advances regarding the human application of CD19-specific CAR+ T cells and explores how their success for hematologic cancers can provide a framework for investigational treatment of solid tumor malignancies.

Journal

Current Hematologic Malignancy ReportsSpringer Journals

Published: Feb 2, 2014

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