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Fundamentals of CavitationIntroduction the Main Features of Cavitating Flows

Fundamentals of Cavitation: Introduction the Main Features of Cavitating Flows 1. INTRODUCTION THE MAIN FEATURES OF CAVITATING FLOWS 1.1. THE PHYSICAL PHENOMENON 1.1.1. DEFINITION Cavitation, i.e. the appearance of vapor cavities inside an initially homogeneous liquid medium, occurs in very different situations. According to the flow configuration and the physical properties of the liquid, it can present various features. Cavitation can be defined as the breakdown of a liquid medium under very low pressures. This makes cavitation relevant to the field of continuum mechanics and it applies to cases in which the liquid is either static or in motion. This book is particularly concerned with hydrodynamic cavitation, i.e. cavitation in flowing liquids. This includes flows through Venturi nozzles, in narrow passages (e.g. hydraulic valves) or around wings or propeller blades. However, cavitation can also occur in a static or nearly static liquid. When an oscillating pressure field is applied over the free surface of a liquid contained in a reservoir, cavitation bubbles may appear within the liquid bulk if the oscillation amplitude is large enough. This type of cavitation is known as acoustic cavitation. A further example of cavitation in a liquid almost at rest is the sudden and rapid acceleration of a solid body with sharp edges (such http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png

Fundamentals of CavitationIntroduction the Main Features of Cavitating Flows

Part of the Fluid Mechanics and Its Applications Book Series (volume 76)
Fundamentals of Cavitation — Jan 1, 2005
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Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Copyright
© Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. 2005
ISBN
978-1-4020-2232-6
Pages
1 –14
DOI
10.1007/1-4020-2233-6_1
Publisher site
See Chapter on Publisher Site

Abstract

1. INTRODUCTION THE MAIN FEATURES OF CAVITATING FLOWS 1.1. THE PHYSICAL PHENOMENON 1.1.1. DEFINITION Cavitation, i.e. the appearance of vapor cavities inside an initially homogeneous liquid medium, occurs in very different situations. According to the flow configuration and the physical properties of the liquid, it can present various features. Cavitation can be defined as the breakdown of a liquid medium under very low pressures. This makes cavitation relevant to the field of continuum mechanics and it applies to cases in which the liquid is either static or in motion. This book is particularly concerned with hydrodynamic cavitation, i.e. cavitation in flowing liquids. This includes flows through Venturi nozzles, in narrow passages (e.g. hydraulic valves) or around wings or propeller blades. However, cavitation can also occur in a static or nearly static liquid. When an oscillating pressure field is applied over the free surface of a liquid contained in a reservoir, cavitation bubbles may appear within the liquid bulk if the oscillation amplitude is large enough. This type of cavitation is known as acoustic cavitation. A further example of cavitation in a liquid almost at rest is the sudden and rapid acceleration of a solid body with sharp edges (such

Published: Jan 1, 2005

Keywords: Cavitation Number; Turbulent Shear Flow; CAVITATING Flow; Propeller Blade; Vapor Cavity

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