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Impact of moderate water deficit at the fruit development stage of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.): effects on plant growth, physiology, fruit yield and quality and expression of carotenoid biosynthesis genes

Impact of moderate water deficit at the fruit development stage of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum... Climate change has an increasingly negative impact on the availability of water for agriculture. Therefore, enhancing water use efficiency under poor irrigation conditions has become a major objective. Here, we investigate the effects of moderate water deficit on tomato plant growth, physiology, fruit yield and quality and expression of carotenoid biosynthesis genes. The treatments control (irrigated) and water deficit were applied from the fruit fixation stage forward and the observations were recorded when the fruits were mature. The results revealed adaptive responses to moderate water deficit, in which plants showed a reduction in leaf water potential, leaf gas exchange and growth variables but an increase in intrinsic and instantaneous water use efficiencies. These adaptive responses were also observed in the activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaves and fruits, which did not show significant differences between treatments. Analysis of abscisic acid (ABA)-regulated carotenoid biosynthesis genes in fruits showed that most of them were either negatively or negligibly regulated by water deficit, except for the carotene isomerases, and their responses were altered by changes in carotenoid metabolites. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 5 (LeNCED), phytoene synthase (PSY) and beta-carotene hydroxylase 1 (CRTR-B1) and 2 (CRTR-B2) were the genes that most contributed to the variations observed in the expression patterns between treatments. Overall, these findings contribute to a further understanding of tomato plant and fruit responses to moderate water deficit. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Acta Physiologiae Plantarum Springer Journals

Impact of moderate water deficit at the fruit development stage of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.): effects on plant growth, physiology, fruit yield and quality and expression of carotenoid biosynthesis genes

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Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
ISSN
0137-5881
eISSN
1861-1664
DOI
10.1007/s11738-023-03549-0
Publisher site
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Abstract

Climate change has an increasingly negative impact on the availability of water for agriculture. Therefore, enhancing water use efficiency under poor irrigation conditions has become a major objective. Here, we investigate the effects of moderate water deficit on tomato plant growth, physiology, fruit yield and quality and expression of carotenoid biosynthesis genes. The treatments control (irrigated) and water deficit were applied from the fruit fixation stage forward and the observations were recorded when the fruits were mature. The results revealed adaptive responses to moderate water deficit, in which plants showed a reduction in leaf water potential, leaf gas exchange and growth variables but an increase in intrinsic and instantaneous water use efficiencies. These adaptive responses were also observed in the activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaves and fruits, which did not show significant differences between treatments. Analysis of abscisic acid (ABA)-regulated carotenoid biosynthesis genes in fruits showed that most of them were either negatively or negligibly regulated by water deficit, except for the carotene isomerases, and their responses were altered by changes in carotenoid metabolites. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 5 (LeNCED), phytoene synthase (PSY) and beta-carotene hydroxylase 1 (CRTR-B1) and 2 (CRTR-B2) were the genes that most contributed to the variations observed in the expression patterns between treatments. Overall, these findings contribute to a further understanding of tomato plant and fruit responses to moderate water deficit.

Journal

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum – Springer Journals

Published: May 1, 2023

Keywords: Carotenes; Drought tolerance; Fruit maturation; Fruit quality; Fruit yield; Water stress

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