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[David Forgacs’ chapter deals with the dark side of Italian military history: the mass killing of civilians. He examines two massacres in places Italy claimed as its colonial possessions: the first in 1911 in Tripoli, the second in 1937 in Addis Ababa. Both were reported at the time by foreign media but denied by the Italian authorities. Forgacs briefly reconstructs the context of each massacre and considers the possible motives of its perpetrators. He then proceeds to ask whether such massacres were believed to be excusable, even though known to be unlawful, within the military culture of the colonial powers. Finally, Forgacs offers insights about why those responsible for the massacres were never brought to trial and why neither massacre, although well-known to some historians, has entered the collective memory of Italians. This contribution highlights the widely criticized aspects of the military—the lack of transparency, violence, and corruption—and ponders on the toll that such moments take on advancing cohesion and tolerance within Italian society.]
Published: Dec 23, 2020
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