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Curr Envir Health Rpt (2017) 4:415–425 DOI 10.1007/s40572-017-0165-9 SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS AND HEALTH (J HERBSTMAN AND T JAMES-TODD, SECTION EDITORS) Sex-Specific Effects of Combined Exposure to Chemical and Non-chemical Stressors on Neuroendocrine Development: a Review of Recent Findings and Putative Mechanisms 1,2 3,4 Whitney J. Cowell & Rosalind J. Wright Published online: 13 October 2017 Springer International Publishing AG 2017 Abstract circuits, and innate immune function. We additionally identify Purpose of Review Environmental toxicants and psychosocial gaps, such as the role that the endocrine-active placenta plays, stressors share many biological substrates and influence over- in our understanding of these complex interactions. Finally, we lapping physiological pathways. Increasing evidence indi- discuss future research needs, including the investigation of cates stress-induced changes to the maternal milieu may prime non-hormonal biomarkers of stress. rapidly developing physiological systems for disruption by Summary We demonstrate multiple physiologic systems are concurrent or subsequent exposure to environmental impacted by joint exposure to chemical and non-chemical chemicals. In this review, we highlight putative mechanisms stressors differentially among males and females. Collectively, underlying sex-specific susceptibility of the developing neu- the results highlight theimportanceofevaluating sex-specific roendocrine system to the joint effects of stress or stress cor- endpoints when investigating the
Current Environmental Health Reports – Springer Journals
Published: Oct 13, 2017
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