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[All studies on the way major figures in capitalism have played a key role in running authoritarian or totalitarian regimes have postulated a certain intentionality. This chapter shows that it is simplistic to try to identify a specific decision made at a given time, a decision to submit, to ‘collaborate,’ to ‘participate’ in the major policies of a regime, or on the contrary to ‘oppose’ them. It is even impossible to describe the actors, in other words to define, for given individuals or groups of actors, a major project and a course of action, a clear vision and intentions. What we have here, rather, is a multiplicity of micro-decisions made over time, a variety of logics of action and endless possibilities of interactions that only rarely affect domination, but can make it assume unforeseen modes, unexpected shapes, giving significance to this or that initially neglected actor or, conversely, constraining the exercise of power by taking into account essential intermediaries. So it is difficult to speak of ‘collaborators’ or ‘opponents,’ as these ‘participations’ are often not conscious, and acts of ‘resistance’ are contingent. From this point of view, which decisively takes into account the element of contingency, domination cannot be regarded as a controlled exercise of power, of strategies or certain decisions, but as a process that is simultaneously uncertain, incomplete and partial, a process of multiple actions and various and concomitant understandings of reality.]
Published: Mar 23, 2017
Keywords: Political Economy; Grey Zone; Totalitarian Regime; Industrial Strategy; Political Domination
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