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Kratom & Stimulant Co-Addiction: A Case Series and Brief Review

Kratom & Stimulant Co-Addiction: A Case Series and Brief Review Abstract Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is an easily accessible dietary supplement gaining notoriety in medicine for its use as a surrogate form of self-driven opioid use disorder treatment, albeit one with a lack of evidence and significant risks. Both misuse and withdrawal from kratom have been appreciated in the literature and addressed in a fashion analogous to that of opioids. Because of this, it has largely been studied through the looking glass of its properties of agonizing μ-opioid and likely α2-adrenergic receptors. While an important area of study, the correlation with kratom and stimulant use, reflected in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, is one that often gets neglected clinically. In our manuscript we present three unique cases, demonstrative of the overlap kratom misuse may have with stimulant use disorders in distinct settings. We provide a discussion and review of this correlation in light of kratom use increasing in the United States. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Addictive Diseases Taylor & Francis

Kratom & Stimulant Co-Addiction: A Case Series and Brief Review

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Publisher
Taylor & Francis
Copyright
© 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
ISSN
1545-0848
eISSN
1055-0887
DOI
10.1080/10550887.2022.2066459
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is an easily accessible dietary supplement gaining notoriety in medicine for its use as a surrogate form of self-driven opioid use disorder treatment, albeit one with a lack of evidence and significant risks. Both misuse and withdrawal from kratom have been appreciated in the literature and addressed in a fashion analogous to that of opioids. Because of this, it has largely been studied through the looking glass of its properties of agonizing μ-opioid and likely α2-adrenergic receptors. While an important area of study, the correlation with kratom and stimulant use, reflected in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, is one that often gets neglected clinically. In our manuscript we present three unique cases, demonstrative of the overlap kratom misuse may have with stimulant use disorders in distinct settings. We provide a discussion and review of this correlation in light of kratom use increasing in the United States.

Journal

Journal of Addictive Diseases – Taylor & Francis

Published: Apr 3, 2023

Keywords: Kratom; mitragyna speciosa; mitragynine; 7-hydroxymitragynine; stimulants; opioids; opiates

References

  • Kratom-pharmacology, clinical implications, and outlook: a comprehensive review
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  • CARE guidelines for case reports: explanation and elaboration document
  • Past-year kratom use in the U.S.: estimates from a nationally representative sample
  • Antinociception, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms induced by 7-hydroxymitragynine, an alkaloid from the Thai medicinal herb Mitragyna speciosa
  • Serotonin 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors as potential targets for modulation of psychostimulant use and dependence
  • Suspected adulteration of commercial kratom products with 7-hydroxymitragynine
  • Do you get what you paid for? An examination of products advertised as kratom
  • Kratom adulterated with phenylethylamine and associated intracerebral hemorrhage: linking toxicologists and public health officials to identify dangerous adulterants