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- Publisher
- Taylor & Francis
- Copyright
- © 1971 Société entomologique de France
- ISSN
- 2168-6351
- eISSN
- 0037-9271
- DOI
- 10.1080/21686351.1971.12277789
- Publisher site
- See Article on Publisher Site
Abstract
SUMMARY J. Carayon: Notes and documents on the Hemiptera metathoracic scent system. The metathoracic scent system is a fundamental feature of Order Hemiptera (s. str.). A comparative study of its internal elements, glands and reservoirs, confirms its importance in systematic with regard to families and taxa of higher rank. It also allows the reconstitution of its origin and of its probable evolutional lines. Originated from an unpaired and median invagination of the ventral junction membrane between the thorax and the abdomen, the metathoracic scent system is primitively a simple bag provided with a single orifice and lined with secretory cells. This can still be found in Dipsocoridae Ceratocombinae and Schizopterinae, as well as in Enicocephalidae. Its main evolutional trends: segregation of the secretory cells which constitute autonomous glands, bipartition of the median orifice, then migration from the resulting orifices towards the sides of the metathorax, division of the median reservoir, are represented schematically fig. 1, p. 741. A sharp discontinuity in the sequence of the actual structures leads to distinguish two predominant types of metathoracic scent system: the omphalian type, whose characteristics are a single orifice or two very close ones, and the diastomian type, in which both orifices, always wide apart, are placed on the sides of the metacoxal cavities. The omphalian type can be found among the Hydrocorisae, the Amphibicorisae and in a group of Hemiptera all riparial or strongly hygrophilous, rich in primitive characteristics and formerly placed among the Geocorisae: the Saldidae and related forms, the Dipsocoridae sensu lato and the Enicocephalidae. This group is tentatively considered as a new sub-order: the Archeocorisae. The diastomian type is to be found exclusively in true Geocorisae. The known components of the scent gland system are briefly surveyed; to the list of these components must be added a most probably lipoproteic fraction secreted, sometimes abondantly, by the accessory glands of the reservoir wall. Besides its defensive role, doubtless primordial but of little effect against numerous predators and parasites, the metathoracic scent system intervenes in the genital functions of some Hemiptera, as is shown among other features, by its sexual dimorphism, of which new instances are given. The external elements of the metathoracic scent system, scent channels and evaporating areas, are phyletically more recent and much more variable than the internal ones. After some notes recalling the taxonomical interest connected with their morphological diversity, a comparative study is made of their cuticular microsculpture observed with scanning electron microscope in members of numerous families. The microsculpture brings forth valuable characteristics for the discrimination of species and the definition of the higher taxa. Whith regards to scent channels it seems to be highly varied and allows some remarks about the functional signification of these structures. With regard to evaporating areas, it is more complex and quite peculiar; its pattern belongs to the same fundamental type for all members of the order, but its details may be infinitely varied. The various functions ascribed to the evaporating areas remain highly speculative.
Journal
Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N S ) – Taylor & Francis
Published: Oct 31, 1971