Get 20M+ Full-Text Papers For Less Than $1.50/day. Start a 14-Day Trial for You or Your Team.

Learn More →

Carbon cycle dynamics and ecology revealed by the carbon isotopic composition of single organic microfossils during the Late Devonian Biotic Crisis

Carbon cycle dynamics and ecology revealed by the carbon isotopic composition of single organic... We apply a new approach for the δ13C analysis of single organic‐walled microfossils (OWM) to three sites in the Appalachian Basin of New York (AB) that span the Late Devonian Biotic Crisis (LDBC). Our data provide new insights into the nature of the Frasnian–Famennian carbon cycle in the AB and also provide possible constraints on the paleoecology of enigmatic OWM ubiquitous in Paleozoic shale successions. The carbon isotope compositions of OWM are consistent with normal marine organic matter of autochthonous origins and range from −32 to −17‰, but average −25‰ across all samples and are consistently 13C‐enriched compared to bulk sediments (δ13Cbulk) by ~0–10‰. We observe no difference between the δ13COWM of leiospheres (smooth‐walled) and acanthomorphic (spinose) acritarch OWM, indicating that our data are driven by ecological rather than taxonomic signals. We hypothesize that the offset between δ13COWM and δ13Cbulk is in part due to a large δ13C gradient in the AB water column where OWM utilized relatively 13C‐enriched dissolved inorganic carbon near the surface. Thus, the organisms producing the balance of the total organic carbon were assimilating 13C‐depleted C sources, including but not limited to respired organic carbon or byproducts of fermentation. We also observe a systematic decrease in both δ13COWM and δ13Cbulk of 3‰ from shoreward to open‐ocean facies that may reflect the effect of 13C‐enriched dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) derived from riverine sources in the relatively enclosed AB. The hypothesized steep carbon isotope gradient in the AB could be due to a strong biological pump; this in turn may have contributed to low oxygen bottom water conditions during the LDBC. This is the first time single‐microfossil δ13Corg analyses of eukaryotes have been directly compared to bulk δ13Corg in the deep‐time fossil record. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Geobiology Wiley

Carbon cycle dynamics and ecology revealed by the carbon isotopic composition of single organic microfossils during the Late Devonian Biotic Crisis

Download PDF
17 pages

Loading next page...
 
/lp/wiley/carbon-cycle-dynamics-and-ecology-revealed-by-the-carbon-isotopic-hAY6m8T4Fr

References (153)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
Copyright © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
ISSN
1472-4677
eISSN
1472-4669
DOI
10.1111/gbi.12482
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

We apply a new approach for the δ13C analysis of single organic‐walled microfossils (OWM) to three sites in the Appalachian Basin of New York (AB) that span the Late Devonian Biotic Crisis (LDBC). Our data provide new insights into the nature of the Frasnian–Famennian carbon cycle in the AB and also provide possible constraints on the paleoecology of enigmatic OWM ubiquitous in Paleozoic shale successions. The carbon isotope compositions of OWM are consistent with normal marine organic matter of autochthonous origins and range from −32 to −17‰, but average −25‰ across all samples and are consistently 13C‐enriched compared to bulk sediments (δ13Cbulk) by ~0–10‰. We observe no difference between the δ13COWM of leiospheres (smooth‐walled) and acanthomorphic (spinose) acritarch OWM, indicating that our data are driven by ecological rather than taxonomic signals. We hypothesize that the offset between δ13COWM and δ13Cbulk is in part due to a large δ13C gradient in the AB water column where OWM utilized relatively 13C‐enriched dissolved inorganic carbon near the surface. Thus, the organisms producing the balance of the total organic carbon were assimilating 13C‐depleted C sources, including but not limited to respired organic carbon or byproducts of fermentation. We also observe a systematic decrease in both δ13COWM and δ13Cbulk of 3‰ from shoreward to open‐ocean facies that may reflect the effect of 13C‐enriched dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) derived from riverine sources in the relatively enclosed AB. The hypothesized steep carbon isotope gradient in the AB could be due to a strong biological pump; this in turn may have contributed to low oxygen bottom water conditions during the LDBC. This is the first time single‐microfossil δ13Corg analyses of eukaryotes have been directly compared to bulk δ13Corg in the deep‐time fossil record.

Journal

Geobiology – Wiley

Published: May 1, 2022

Keywords: carbon cycle; Devonian; Frasnian–Famennian; isotopic gradient; mass extinction; microfossil

There are no references for this article.