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Electricity Generation from Phase Transitions between Liquid and Gaseous Water

Electricity Generation from Phase Transitions between Liquid and Gaseous Water The ubiquitous and spontaneous phase transitions between liquid and gaseous water contain substantial energy that can be harvested by emerging hydrovoltaic technologies, including evaporation‐induced generators (EIGs) and moisture‐induced generators (MIGs). Featuring the virtues of ubiquity, spontaneity, and direct current output, this emerging technology broadens the technical feasibility of harvesting energy from the natural water cycle, enabling self‐powered and sustainable electronics. Elaborated materials synthesis and innovative device design have been proposed to facilitate efficient water energy harvesting. However, some critical challenges in gaining insight into the mechanisms, power improvements, and practical applications are imperative to be overcome for this nascent yet impactful field. Herein, the evolution and advances of EIGs and MIGs are comprehensively summarized. The basic principles of phase transitions between liquid and gaseous water and the mechanisms of power generation are clarified. Then the current materials systems and strategies to further enhance the device performance are reviewed and thoroughly evaluated. The exemplary applications assembled in EIGs and MIGs are also outlined. Finally, the main challenges and future orientations of this burgeoning technology are presented. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Advanced Energy Materials Wiley

Electricity Generation from Phase Transitions between Liquid and Gaseous Water

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Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
© 2023 Wiley‐VCH GmbH
ISSN
1614-6832
eISSN
1614-6840
DOI
10.1002/aenm.202204091
Publisher site
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Abstract

The ubiquitous and spontaneous phase transitions between liquid and gaseous water contain substantial energy that can be harvested by emerging hydrovoltaic technologies, including evaporation‐induced generators (EIGs) and moisture‐induced generators (MIGs). Featuring the virtues of ubiquity, spontaneity, and direct current output, this emerging technology broadens the technical feasibility of harvesting energy from the natural water cycle, enabling self‐powered and sustainable electronics. Elaborated materials synthesis and innovative device design have been proposed to facilitate efficient water energy harvesting. However, some critical challenges in gaining insight into the mechanisms, power improvements, and practical applications are imperative to be overcome for this nascent yet impactful field. Herein, the evolution and advances of EIGs and MIGs are comprehensively summarized. The basic principles of phase transitions between liquid and gaseous water and the mechanisms of power generation are clarified. Then the current materials systems and strategies to further enhance the device performance are reviewed and thoroughly evaluated. The exemplary applications assembled in EIGs and MIGs are also outlined. Finally, the main challenges and future orientations of this burgeoning technology are presented.

Journal

Advanced Energy Materials – Wiley

Published: Apr 1, 2023

Keywords: evaporation‐induced generators; moisture‐induced generators; self‐powered electronics; water phase transition

References

  • The Structure and Properties of Water
    Eisenberg, D.; Kauzmann, W.