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INTRODUCTIONMale germ cell development: Mammalian development involves propagation of cells from the zygote followed by cellular differentiation to form different germ layers, tissues, and organs in the embryo and fetus. This includes the formation of all somatic cell types and tissues, as well as the specification of the germ line. In mammals, the germ line is the first individual cell lineage allocated as such in the embryo proper. Indeed, the development of the male germ cell lineage is very well characterized—from the initial appearance of primordial germ cells (PGCs) at the egg cylinder stage of the early post‐implantation embryo to the ultimate development of mature spermatozoa in the post‐pubertal male—spanning at least 26 different spermatogenic cell types (Figure 1).1 Development of this lineage is largely progressive with all male PGCs becoming prospermatogonia (or dying). This includes the formation of mitotically active M prospermatogonia, which then transition to mitotically quiescent T1 prospermatogonia that then give rise to mitotically active T2 prospermatogonia.1 Prospermatogonia then give rise to spermatogonia (or die), and most spermatogonia give rise to spermatocytes (or die). The spermatocytes progress through meioses I and II to give rise to postmeiotic haploid spermatids that then differentiate into spermatozoa via spermiogenesis with
Andrology – Wiley
Published: Jul 1, 2023
Keywords: cell fate; epigenetic priming; prospermatogonia; spermatogenesis; spermatogonial stem cells
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