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Identification and recovery of local Vitis vinifera L. cultivars collected in ancient vineyards in different locations of Argentina

Identification and recovery of local Vitis vinifera L. cultivars collected in ancient vineyards... IntroductionCurrently, between 6000 and 10 000 cultivars of Vitis vinifera L. exist around the world, which are cultivated for different purposes, wine production, tablegrapes, raisins or juice (Lacombe et al. 2013). These existing cultivars have originated since grapevine cultivation and domestication commenced 6000–8000 years ago. The main sources of variability are crosses between different cultivars and somatic mutations selected and conserved by vegetative reproduction (Myles et al. 2011). While this considerable genetic diversity is mainly conserved in germplasm collections (This et al. 2006), the global market for wine is limited to a small group of cultivars. The 13 most planted cultivars around the world, Kyoho, Cabernet Sauvignon, Sultanina, Merlot, Tempranillo, Airen, Chardonnay, Syrah, Red Globe, Garnacha Tinta, Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir and Trebbiano Toscano, cover more than one‐third of the total cultivated area. The 33 most planted cultivars cover more than 50% of the global cultivated area which represents less than 1% of the total existing genetic diversity (Organisation Internationale de la Vigne et du Vin 2017, Wolkovich et al. 2018). This trend to cultivate some ‘international’ cultivars has led to the disappearance of numerous minor and local genotypes (Muñoz‐Organero et al. 2015, Zinelabidine et al. 2015). Furthermore, these 13 ‘international’ cultivars cover more than 60% of the http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research Wiley

Identification and recovery of local Vitis vinifera L. cultivars collected in ancient vineyards in different locations of Argentina

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Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
© 2022 Australian Society of Viticulture and Oenology Inc.
ISSN
1322-7130
eISSN
1755-0238
DOI
10.1111/ajgw.12561
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Abstract

IntroductionCurrently, between 6000 and 10 000 cultivars of Vitis vinifera L. exist around the world, which are cultivated for different purposes, wine production, tablegrapes, raisins or juice (Lacombe et al. 2013). These existing cultivars have originated since grapevine cultivation and domestication commenced 6000–8000 years ago. The main sources of variability are crosses between different cultivars and somatic mutations selected and conserved by vegetative reproduction (Myles et al. 2011). While this considerable genetic diversity is mainly conserved in germplasm collections (This et al. 2006), the global market for wine is limited to a small group of cultivars. The 13 most planted cultivars around the world, Kyoho, Cabernet Sauvignon, Sultanina, Merlot, Tempranillo, Airen, Chardonnay, Syrah, Red Globe, Garnacha Tinta, Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir and Trebbiano Toscano, cover more than one‐third of the total cultivated area. The 33 most planted cultivars cover more than 50% of the global cultivated area which represents less than 1% of the total existing genetic diversity (Organisation Internationale de la Vigne et du Vin 2017, Wolkovich et al. 2018). This trend to cultivate some ‘international’ cultivars has led to the disappearance of numerous minor and local genotypes (Muñoz‐Organero et al. 2015, Zinelabidine et al. 2015). Furthermore, these 13 ‘international’ cultivars cover more than 60% of the

Journal

Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research – Wiley

Published: Oct 1, 2022

Keywords: criollas; genetic variability; germplasm collection; local cultivar; native cultivar rescue and conservation

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